Cara Deploy AI Agent PHP ke VPS Ubuntu & Nginx

Terakhir diperbarui: 22 Agustus 2026

Diagram Arsitektur: Alur Request Browser → Nginx → PHP-FPM → Worker Supervisor → LLM API

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Persiapan VPS Ubuntu untuk AI Agent PHP

Direct Answer:Persiapan server diawali dengan menginstal runtime PHP 8.3-FPM beserta ekstensi wajib (curl, mbstring, mysql, zip), database MySQL, Nginx web server, dan Composer package manager.

Eksekusi perintah terminal berikut di VPS Ubuntu Anda menggunakan user dengan hak akses sudo:

# 1. Update package repository & system upgrade
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

# 2. Tambahkan repository PPA PHP resmi Ondrej
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php -y
sudo apt update

# 3. Instal PHP 8.3 FPM, CLI, dan ekstensi yang dibutuhkan AI Agent
sudo apt install php8.3-fpm php8.3-cli php8.3-curl php8.3-mbstring \
    php8.3-json php8.3-mysql php8.3-xml php8.3-zip php8.3-redis php8.3-bcmath -y

# 4. Instal Nginx Web Server dan MySQL Server
sudo apt install nginx mysql-server -y

# 5. Instal Composer secara global
curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer
composer --version

Konfigurasi Nginx dan Optimasi Timeout AI Agent

Direct Answer:Konfigurasi Nginx untuk AI Agent mewajibkan direktif fastcgi_read_timeout 120; dan proteksi akses location ~ /\. { deny all; } guna mengamankan file .env dari akses peretas publik.

Buat file konfigurasi server block pada /etc/nginx/sites-available/ai-agent:

# /etc/nginx/sites-available/ai-agent
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name ai-agent.domainanda.com;
    root /var/www/ai-agent/public;
    index index.php index.html;

    # Security Headers
    add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
    add_header Referrer-Policy "strict-origin-when-cross-origin" always;

    # Routing URL Friendly
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    # PHP-FPM FastCGI Handler dengan Penambahan Timeout Inferensi AI
    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.3-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;

        # Timeout ditingkatkan ke 120s agar eksekusi multi-tools agent tidak 504 Gateway Timeout
        fastcgi_read_timeout 120;
        fastcgi_connect_timeout 60;
        fastcgi_send_timeout 120;
    }

    # Blokir akses ke file rahasia .env, .git, .htaccess
    location ~ /\.(?!well-known).* {
        deny all;
        access_log off;
        log_not_found off;
    }
}

# Uji sintaks Nginx dan aktifkan virtual host
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/ai-agent /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
sudo nginx -t
sudo systemctl reload nginx

Pasang Sertifikat SSL Gratis dengan Certbot Let's Encrypt

Amankan jalur transmisi kunci API dan data pengguna dengan enkripsi HTTPS TLS 1.3:

sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx -y
sudo certbot --nginx -d ai-agent.domainanda.com --non-interactive --agree-tos -m admin@domainanda.com
# Uji auto-renewal sertifikat SSL
sudo certbot renew --dry-run

Deploy Aplikasi AI Agent PHP

Direct Answer:Deployment aplikasi mencakup cloning repositori Git, instalasi dependensi produksi via composer install --no-dev --optimize-autoloader, konfigurasi environment variable .env, dan pengaturan izin kepemilikan user web server chown -R www-data:www-data.

Lakukan cloning kode sumber dan setup direktori produksi:

cd /var/www
# Clone repositori aplikasi AI Agent Anda
git clone https://github.com/username/php-ai-agent.git ai-agent
cd /var/www/ai-agent

# Instal dependensi PHP tanpa paket development
composer install --no-dev --optimize-autoloader

# Atur perizinan kepemilikan file web server
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/ai-agent
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/ai-agent
sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/ai-agent/logs /var/www/ai-agent/storage

# Salin konfigurasi environment production
cp .env.example .env
nano .env # Masukkan OPENAI_API_KEY, JWT_SECRET, dan kredensial Database MySQL production

Setup Supervisor untuk Background Queue Worker

Direct Answer:Supervisor bertindak sebagai daemon manager yang menjaga proses eksekusi worker worker.php berjalan terus-menerus di latar belakang (*always-on*) dan secara otomatis me-restart proses jika terjadi crash akibat kehabisan memori atau error jaringan.

Instal Supervisor dan buat file konfigurasi program worker:

# /etc/supervisor/conf.d/ai-agent-worker.conf
[program:ai-agent-worker]
process_name=%(program_name)s_%(process_num)02d
command=php /var/www/ai-agent/worker.php
autostart=true
autorestart=true
stopasgroup=true
killasgroup=true
user=www-data
numprocs=2
redirect_stderr=true
stdout_logfile=/var/www/ai-agent/logs/worker.log
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=10MB
stdout_logfile_backups=5

# Muat ulang konfigurasi dan jalankan worker daemon
sudo supervisorctl reread
sudo supervisorctl update
sudo supervisorctl start ai-agent-worker:*
sudo supervisorctl status

Troubleshooting Error Deploy AI Agent PHP

Direct Answer:Kendala umum pada deployment AI Agent mencakup HTTP 504 Gateway Timeout (akibat fastcgi timeout terlalu rendah), Supervisor Worker Crash / FATAL Exit (karena memory leak atau exception unhandled), dan HTTP 500 Permission Denied pada direktori log.

Tabel komparasi di bawah ini merangkum diagnosis gejala error dan solusi perbaikan teknis di level server:

FAQ: Tanya Jawab Teknis Deployment AI Agent PHP